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HelpTest Code PC1TS Purkinje Cell Cytoplasmic Antibody Type 1 (PCA-1) Titer, Serum
Specimen Required
Only orderable as a reflex. For further information see:
PAVAL / Paraneoplastic, Autoantibody Evaluation, Serum
ENS2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
MDS2 / Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
MAS1 / Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
AIAES / Axonal Neuropathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
Secondary ID
43437Useful For
Identifying female patients whose subacute cerebellar degeneration or peripheral neuropathy is due to a remote (autoimmune) effect of gynecologic or breast carcinoma
Reporting an end titer result from serum specimens
Testing Algorithm
If the indirect immunofluorescence pattern suggests Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type 1 (PCA-1), then this test will be performed at an additional charge.
Method Name
Only orderable as a reflex. For further information see:
PAVAL / Paraneoplastic, Autoantibody Evaluation, Serum
ENS2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
MDS2 / Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
MAS1 / Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
AIAES / Axonal Neuropathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA)
Specimen Type
SerumSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.6 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 28 days | |
| Frozen | 28 days | ||
| Ambient | 72 hours |
Reject Due To
| Gross hemolysis | Reject |
| Gross lipemia | Reject |
| Gross icterus | Reject |
Reference Values
Only orderable as a reflex. For further information see:
PAVAL / Paraneoplastic, Autoantibody Evaluation, Serum
ENS2 / Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
MDS2 / Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
MAS1 / Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
AIAES / Axonal Neuropathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
<1:240
Neuron-restricted patterns of IgG staining that do not fulfill criteria for Purkinje cell cytoplasmic antibody type 1 may be reported as "unclassified antineuronal IgG." Complex patterns that include nonneuronal elements may be reported as "uninterpretable."
Interpretation
Purkinje cell antibody type 1 (PCA-1) has not been found in any healthy subject. It is rarely found in patients with neurologic diseases (including cerebellar disorders) without gynecologic or breast cancer. The ovarian cancers found in these patients are typically limited in metastatic spread and may not be detected by imaging procedures. If mammography is negative, exploratory laparotomy is advisable (as a "second look" in management of ovarian carcinoma). Breast carcinoma may coexist with a Mullerian cancer. PCA-1 is rarely found in patients with gynecologic cancer without neurologic dysfunction (<2%). PCA-1 is readily distinguished from PCA-Tr (a marker of Hodgkin lymphoma) and PCA-2 (a marker of small-cell lung carcinoma) by standardized staining criteria. PCA-1 rarely, if ever, has accompanying neuronal cytoplasmic or nuclear antibodies.
Method Description
The patient's sample is tested by a standardized immunofluorescence assay that uses a composite frozen section of mouse cerebellum, kidney, and gut tissues. After incubation with sample and washing, fluorescein-conjugated goat-antihuman IgG is applied. Neuron-specific autoantibodies are identified by their characteristic fluorescence staining patterns. Samples that are scored positive for any neuronal nuclear or cytoplasmic autoantibody are titrated to an endpoint. Interference by coexisting non-neuron-specific autoantibodies can usually be eliminated by serologic absorption.(Honorat JA, Komorowski L, Josephs KA, et al: IgLON5 antibody: neurological accompaniments and outcomes in 20 patients. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2017 Jul 18;4(5):e385. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000385)
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Sunday
Report Available
6 to 8 daysSpecimen Retention Time
4 weeksPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
CPT Code Information
86256
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| PC1TS | PCA-1 Titer, S | 94350-6 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 43437 | PCA-1 Titer, S | 94350-6 |