Test Code LAB988 Fatty Acid Profile, Peroxisomal (C22-C26), Serum
Additional Codes
POX
Useful For
Evaluating patients with possible peroxisomal disorders, single-enzyme defects of peroxisomal metabolism, such as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy or peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (Zellweger syndrome spectrum) using serum specimens
Aiding in the assessment of peroxisomal function
Performing Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterSpecimen Type
SerumNecessary Information
1. Patient's age and sex is required.
2. Biochemical Genetics Patient Information (T602) is recommended, but not required, to be filled out and sent with the specimen to aid in the interpretation of test results.Specimen Required
Patient Preparation: Fasting 12 hours or more. (Collect specimens from infants and small children just before next feeding)
Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1.5 mL
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into plastic vial.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.15 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Frozen (preferred) | 92 days | |
Refrigerated | 15 days |
Reference Values
C22:0
≤96.3 nmol/mL
C24:0
≤91.4 nmol/mL
C26:0
≤1.30 nmol/mL
C24:0/C22:0 RATIO
≤1.39
C26:0/C22:0 RATIO
≤0.023
PRISTANIC ACID
0-4 months: ≤0.60 nmol/mL
5-8 months: ≤0.84 nmol/mL
9-12 months: ≤0.77 nmol/mL
13-23 months: ≤1.47 nmol/mL
≥24 months: ≤2.98 nmol/mL
PHYTANIC ACID
0-4 months: ≤5.28 nmol/mL
5-8 months: ≤5.70 nmol/mL
9-12 months: ≤4.40 nmol/mL
13-23 months: ≤8.62 nmol/mL
≥24 months: ≤9.88 nmol/mL
PRISTANIC/PHYTANIC ACID RATIO
0-4 months: ≤0.35
5-8 months: ≤0.28
9-12 months: ≤0.23
13-23 months: ≤0.24
≥24 months: ≤0.39
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
CPT Code Information
82726
LOINC Code Information
Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
POX | Fatty Acid Profile, Peroxisomal, S | 43677-4 |
Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
81369 | C22:0 | 30194-5 |
7143 | C24:0 | 30195-2 |
7137 | C26:0 | 30197-8 |
7138 | C24:0/C22:0 | 30196-0 |
7139 | C26:0/C22:0 | 30198-6 |
7140 | Pristanic Acid | 22761-1 |
7141 | Phytanic Acid | 22671-2 |
7142 | Pristanic/Phytanic | 30550-8 |
7144 | Comment | 48767-8 |
Interpretation
Reports include concentrations of C22:0, C24:0, C26:0 species, phytanic acid and pristanic acid, and calculated C24:0/C22:0, C26:0/C22:0 and phytanic acid:pristanic acid ratios. When no significant abnormalities are detected, a simple descriptive interpretation is provided.
A profile of elevated phytanic acid, low-normal pristanic acid, and normal very long-chain fatty acids is suggestive of Refsum disease (phytanic acid oxidase deficiency); however, serum phytanic acid concentration may also be increased in disorders of peroxisomal biogenesis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of peroxisomal disorders.
If results are suggestive of hemizygosity for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, the calculated value of a discriminating function that more accurately segregates hemizygous individuals from normal controls is included in the report.
Positive test results could be due to a genetic or nongenetic condition. Additional confirmatory testing would be required to differentiate between these causes.
Method Description
Acidic hydrolysis is followed by basic hydrolysis and reacidification. Hexane extraction then proceeds to derivatization with pentafluorobenzyl bromide (PFB). Separation and detection of PFB-esters is accomplished by capillary gas chromatography mass spectrometry using electron capture ionization and selected negative ion monitoring. Quantitation is enhanced by the use of stable isotope-labeled internal standards.(Stellard F, ten Brink HJ, Kok RM, et al. Stable isotope dilution analysis of very long chain fatty acids in plasma, urine and amniotic fluid by electron capture negative ion mass fragmentography. Clin Chim Acta. 1990;192:133-144; Rattay TW, Rautenberg M, Sohn AS, et al Defining diagnostic cutoffs in neurological patients for serum very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) in genetically confirmed X-adrenoleukodystrophy. Sci Rep. 2020;10[1]:15093)
Report Available
3 to 5 daysSpecimen Retention Time
1 monthReject Due To
Gross hemolysis | OK |
Gross lipemia | Reject |
Gross icterus | OK |
Method Name
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
Testing Algorithm
For more information see:
-Newborn Screen Follow-up for X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
-Epilepsy: Unexplained Refractory and/or Familial Testing Algorithm
-Newborn Screening Act Sheet X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy: Increased Very Long Chain Fatty Acids
Special Instructions
Forms
1. Biochemical Genetics Patient Information (T602)
2. If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Biochemical Genetics Test Request (T798) with the specimen.